If you’re considering a long-term solution to obesity, it’s essential to understand what happens during the procedure. Bariatric Surgery in Islamabad has gained popularity as a life-changing option for those struggling with obesity-related health issues. Clinics like SKN Cosmetics offer advanced surgical interventions under expert medical supervision, helping individuals regain control over their weight and health.
What Is Bariatric Surgery?
Bariatric surgery encompasses a range of surgical procedures that aid in significant weight loss by altering the digestive system. The primary goal is to either limit the amount of food the stomach can hold, reduce nutrient absorption, or both. It’s often recommended for individuals with a BMI over 40 or those with a BMI over 35 who also suffer from conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or sleep apnea.
Common types of bariatric surgery include:
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Sleeve Gastrectomy
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Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y)
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Adjustable Gastric Band
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Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS)
Preoperative Process
Before entering the operating room, patients undergo several evaluations and preparations to ensure the procedure goes smoothly:
1. Medical and Nutritional Assessment
Doctors perform blood tests, imaging, and cardiac evaluations. A dietitian will also guide you on a preoperative low-calorie diet to reduce liver size.
2. Psychological Evaluation
Mental health professionals assess whether you’re emotionally prepared for the surgery and the changes it demands.
3. Lifestyle Modifications
Patients are advised to quit smoking, avoid alcohol, and begin a more structured dietary routine.
Day of the Surgery
On the surgery day, patients are asked to fast for several hours before the operation. Here’s a breakdown of the process:
1. Admission and Preparation
Once admitted to the hospital, nurses will verify your medical history and prepare you for the procedure. This includes inserting an IV line and administering pre-surgery medications.
2. Anesthesia
You will be moved to the operating room where the anesthesiologist will administer general anesthesia, ensuring you remain unconscious and pain-free throughout the surgery.
During the Surgery: Step-by-Step
Most bariatric procedures are performed laparoscopically, which involves small incisions and specialized tools. This minimally invasive approach leads to faster recovery and fewer complications. Here’s what happens depending on the procedure type:
A. Sleeve Gastrectomy
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About 75–80% of the stomach is removed.
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The remaining part is shaped into a tube or “sleeve.”
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This reduces food intake and hunger-inducing hormone levels.
B. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
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A small pouch is created at the top of the stomach.
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The small intestine is rerouted to this pouch.
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This reduces both food intake and calorie absorption.
C. Adjustable Gastric Band
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A band is placed around the upper part of the stomach.
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It creates a small pouch that limits food intake.
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The band can be adjusted post-surgery for optimal results.
D. Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch
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Combines sleeve gastrectomy with intestinal bypass.
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It allows minimal absorption of calories and nutrients.
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This is often reserved for severe cases of obesity.
Duration and Monitoring
The procedure typically lasts between 1 to 3 hours depending on the method used. During the surgery, your vital signs—heart rate, oxygen levels, and blood pressure—are continuously monitored to ensure your safety.
Immediate Post-Op Recovery
After the surgery, you’ll be moved to a recovery room where medical staff will monitor your condition as you wake up from anesthesia. Here’s what to expect:
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Pain Management: Pain relievers are administered via IV.
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Fluid Intake: Initially, only sips of water or ice chips are allowed.
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Encouraged Movement: Nurses may ask you to walk within 6–12 hours to promote circulation and prevent blood clots.
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Hospital Stay: Most patients stay in the hospital for 2–3 days.
Transition to Oral Diet
Post-surgery, a phased diet is introduced over the course of weeks:
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Clear Liquids: First 2–3 days after surgery.
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Full Liquids: Protein shakes, broths, and dairy for about two weeks.
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Pureed Foods: Soft and blended foods for 2–3 weeks.
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Soft Foods: Light, easily digestible items.
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Regular Diet: After about 6 weeks, healthy solid foods in small portions.
You’ll need to take lifelong vitamin supplements to avoid nutrient deficiencies.
Potential Complications
While bariatric surgery is generally safe, it comes with potential risks such as:
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Infection at incision sites
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Bleeding
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Gastrointestinal leaks
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Blood clots
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Nutritional deficiencies
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Dumping syndrome (rapid gastric emptying)
Most of these complications can be managed with timely medical intervention and regular follow-ups.
Recovery and Lifestyle Changes
Long-term success is deeply tied to your commitment. Patients are expected to:
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Attend regular medical checkups.
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Follow nutritional guidelines strictly.
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Engage in daily physical activity.
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Join support groups or counseling if needed.
It’s important to remember that surgery is not a quick fix. It’s a tool, and its effectiveness depends largely on the patient’s adherence to medical and lifestyle recommendations.
Success Rates and Outlook
Bariatric surgery has proven to be highly effective in resolving obesity-related health issues such as:
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Type 2 Diabetes (up to 80% remission)
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Sleep Apnea
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Joint Pain
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Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Weight loss of 50–70% of excess body weight within the first 12–18 months is common. Most patients also report improvements in mental health, mobility, and overall quality of life.
Conclusion
Understanding what happens during bariatric surgery helps patients make informed decisions about their health journey. From anesthesia to surgical techniques and recovery phases, every step is designed to ensure maximum safety and effectiveness. It’s not just about weight loss—it’s about regaining control, health, and confidence.
If you’re considering Bariatric Surgery in Islamabad, it’s important to consult with experienced professionals. SKN Cosmetics clinic provides state-of-the-art facilities, customized treatment plans, and comprehensive post-surgical care to support you every step of the way.
