Cataract is a very common eye problem in India, especially in older people. It makes the eye lens cloudy, which causes blurred vision. Thanks to modern medical science, cataract can be treated easily with surgery. There are different types of cataract surgery available today. Each type has its own method and benefits. In this blog, we will explain the different types of cataract surgery in very simple language, so you can understand easily and choose the best option with your eye doctor’s help.
What is Cataract?
A cataract happens when the natural lens inside the eye becomes cloudy. It can cause difficulty in reading, driving, or seeing things clearly. Cataract can happen due to ageing, diabetes, injury, or even some medicines. If not treated on time, cataract can lead to complete blindness.
The only treatment for cataract is surgery. Glasses or medicines cannot cure it. That’s why it is important to know about the different surgery options available
Types of Cataract Surgery
There are mainly three popular types of cataract surgery:
1. Phacoemulsification (Phaco Surgery)
This is the most common type of cataract surgery done in India. In phaco surgery, the doctor makes a very small cut (around 2-3 mm) in the eye. Through this cut, a special device is used which gives ultrasound waves. These waves break the cloudy lens into small pieces. After that, the doctor removes those pieces and places a new artificial lens (called intraocular lens or IOL) inside the eye.
Benefits of Phaco Surgery:
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Very small cut, so less pain
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Quick healing (2-3 days)
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No stitches needed
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Better vision in a short time
2. Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery (FLACS)
This is a more advanced method. In FLACS, a laser machine is used to make the cut and soften the cataract. After that, similar steps like phaco surgery are done. This method gives very high precision and safety.
Benefits of FLACS:
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Highly accurate cuts
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Less risk of infection
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Very fast recovery
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Good for complicated cases
However, this type of surgery can be a little more costly because of the use of laser technology.
3. Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS)
This is a very good option for people in smaller towns and villages. In MSICS, the doctor makes a slightly bigger cut (around 6 mm) to remove the cataract in one piece. A new lens is placed inside the eye after removing the cloudy one.
Benefits of MSICS:
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Best for mature or hard cataracts
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More affordable than phaco or laser surgery
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Very effective in restoring vision
But healing time in MSICS is slightly longer compared to phaco surgery.
Choosing the Right Cataract Surgery
Choosing the right type of cataract surgery depends on many factors like:
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Your eye health
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Your budget
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The doctor’s advice
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Availability of technology in the hospital
Always discuss with a trusted eye specialist before making a decision. In India, many reputed hospitals offer all types of surgeries, and doctors can guide you based on your specific eye condition.
Conclusion
Cataract surgery has become very safe and successful nowadays. Thanks to modern techniques, patients can see clearly again within a few days. We explained the main types of cataract surgery like phacoemulsification, femtosecond laser surgery, and small incision surgery. Each method has its own plus points. Your eye doctor will help you choose the best one according to your needs. It is very important to get your eyes checked regularly, especially after the age of 50, so cataract can be treated on time with the right types of cataract surgery.
